{"id":1928,"date":"2025-07-04T15:55:34","date_gmt":"2025-07-04T14:55:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/?page_id=1928"},"modified":"2025-07-07T10:49:02","modified_gmt":"2025-07-07T09:49:02","slug":"mot-de-passe","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/","title":{"rendered":"mot de passe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les utilisateurs sous linux , sont d\u00e9finis avec les fichiers suivant:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de les dupliquer avant de les modifier!  ils sont tr\u00e8s important<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\/etc\/passwd<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Quoi ?<\/strong><br>Contient la liste des utilisateurs du syst\u00e8me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Contenu :<\/strong><br>Chaque ligne correspond \u00e0 un utilisateur, avec des champs s\u00e9par\u00e9s par des deux-points <code>:<\/code>.<br>Exemple de ligne :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><code>username:x:1000:1000:Nom complet:\/home\/username:\/bin\/bash<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Champs importants :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>username<\/code> : nom de l\u2019utilisateur<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>x<\/code> : place du mot de passe (historique, mot de passe d\u00e9plac\u00e9 dans \/etc\/shadow)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>UID<\/code> : identifiant utilisateur<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>GID<\/code> : identifiant groupe principal<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Nom complet<\/code> (ou commentaire)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>R\u00e9pertoire personnel<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>Shell<\/code> par d\u00e9faut<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Utilit\u00e9 :<\/strong><br>Base pour l\u2019identification des utilisateurs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\/etc\/shadow<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>username:$6$hash...:18000:7:90:14:7:::<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Quoi ?<\/strong><br>Contient les mots de passe chiffr\u00e9s et les informations li\u00e9es \u00e0 leur gestion (expiration, verrouillage&#8230;).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contenu :<\/strong><br>Chaque ligne correspond \u00e0 un utilisateur, champs s\u00e9par\u00e9s par <code>:<\/code>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Champs importants :<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>username<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/hash-et-mot-de-passe\/\"><code>mot de passe chiffr\u00e9<\/code> (ou <code>!<\/code> si verrouill\u00e9) (hash)<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dates de changement et expiration du mot de passe<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>politiques de mot de passe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Utilit\u00e9 :<\/strong><br>S\u00e9curiser la gestion des mots de passe, <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#cf2e2e\" class=\"has-inline-color\">accessible uniquement par root.<\/mark><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\/etc\/group<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><code>nom_groupe:x:GID:user1,user2,...<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Quoi ?<\/strong><br>D\u00e9finit les groupes utilisateurs du syst\u00e8me.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Contenu :<\/strong><br>Chaque ligne d\u00e9crit un groupe : <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Champs :<\/strong>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>nom_groupe<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>x<\/code> (mot de passe du groupe, rare)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>GID<\/code> (identifiant groupe)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>liste des membres suppl\u00e9mentaires du groupe<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Utilit\u00e9 :<\/strong><br>Gestion des droits d\u2019acc\u00e8s et permissions par groupes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">passwd<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">on va utiliser la fonction passwd  pour modifier ou mettre un mot de passe sur un compte linux<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">chaque utilisateur peut utiliser cette commande sans pr\u00e9ciser de qui vu qu&rsquo;il n&rsquo;a le droit qu&rsquo;a lui!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>etudiant@ordi:~$ passwd\nChangement du mot de passe pour etudiant.\nMot de passe actuel&nbsp;: <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">par contre si c&rsquo;est root! <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">l&rsquo;administrateur \u00e0 le pouvoir de modifier chaque mot de passe et plus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>etudiant@ordi:~$ sudo passwd etudiant \n&#91;sudo] Mot de passe de etudiant&nbsp;: <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">dans cet exemple de passer par root , n&rsquo;est pas n\u00e9cessaire (chaque utilisateur est propri\u00e9taire de son mot de passe ) , voir le cours sur le <a href=\"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/hash-et-mot-de-passe\/\">hash<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">par contre pour prenom ! ca peut \u00eatre utile , les \u00e9tudiants oublis souvent leur mot de passe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les utilisateurs sous linux , sont d\u00e9finis avec les fichiers suivant: il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de les dupliquer avant de les modifier! ils sont tr\u00e8s important \/etc\/passwd Quoi ?Contient la liste [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-1928","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>mot de passe - workboot<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"mot de passe - workboot\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Les utilisateurs sous linux , sont d\u00e9finis avec les fichiers suivant: il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de les dupliquer avant de les modifier! ils sont tr\u00e8s important \/etc\/passwd Quoi ?Contient la liste [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"workboot\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-07T09:49:02+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/mot-de-passe\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/mot-de-passe\\\/\",\"name\":\"mot de passe - workboot\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-04T14:55:34+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-07T09:49:02+00:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/mot-de-passe\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/\",\"name\":\"workboot\",\"description\":\"Open Source, Open Minds \",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"workboot\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/05\\\/logo_ciel-dorian-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/05\\\/logo_ciel-dorian-1.png\",\"width\":1024,\"height\":950,\"caption\":\"workboot\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/workboot.fr\\\/ciela\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"mot de passe - workboot","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"mot de passe - workboot","og_description":"Les utilisateurs sous linux , sont d\u00e9finis avec les fichiers suivant: il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de les dupliquer avant de les modifier! ils sont tr\u00e8s important \/etc\/passwd Quoi ?Contient la liste [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/","og_site_name":"workboot","article_modified_time":"2025-07-07T09:49:02+00:00","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"2 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/","url":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/","name":"mot de passe - workboot","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-07-04T14:55:34+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-07T09:49:02+00:00","inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/mot-de-passe\/"]}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/#website","url":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/","name":"workboot","description":"Open Source, Open Minds ","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/#organization","name":"workboot","url":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/logo_ciel-dorian-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/logo_ciel-dorian-1.png","width":1024,"height":950,"caption":"workboot"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}}]}},"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"admin","author_link":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/author\/admin\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Les utilisateurs sous linux , sont d\u00e9finis avec les fichiers suivant: il est pr\u00e9f\u00e9rable de les dupliquer avant de les modifier! ils sont tr\u00e8s important \/etc\/passwd Quoi ?Contient la liste [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1928"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1928\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1960,"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1928\/revisions\/1960"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}