{"id":6820,"date":"2026-02-18T14:07:30","date_gmt":"2026-02-18T13:07:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/?page_id=6820"},"modified":"2026-02-18T14:07:32","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T13:07:32","slug":"ssh-cle-publique-cle-prive","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/ssh-cle-publique-cle-prive\/","title":{"rendered":"SSH Cl\u00e9 publique \/ Cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfaf Objectif<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Comprendre et mettre en place une connexion SSH par cl\u00e9s pour ne plus avoir \u00e0 taper son mot de passe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcda Partie 1 : Les bases &#8211; Qu&rsquo;est-ce qu&rsquo;une cl\u00e9 SSH ?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">La m\u00e9taphore de la bo\u00eete aux lettres s\u00e9curis\u00e9e<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Imaginez que vous voulez envoyer des messages s\u00e9curis\u00e9s \u00e0 un correspondant :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>La cl\u00e9 publique<\/strong>\u00a0\ud83d\udd13 = C&rsquo;est comme une bo\u00eete aux lettres avec une fente. Tout le monde peut voir cette bo\u00eete et y d\u00e9poser des messages (c&rsquo;est public !). Mais une fois le message dans la bo\u00eete, personne ne peut le r\u00e9cup\u00e9rer&#8230; sauf celui qui a la cl\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>La cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9e<\/strong>\u00a0\ud83d\udd10 = C&rsquo;est la cl\u00e9 qui ouvre la bo\u00eete aux lettres. Vous \u00eates le SEUL \u00e0 l&rsquo;avoir, vous ne la partagez JAMAIS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Application \u00e0 SSH :<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Votre\u00a0<strong>cl\u00e9 publique<\/strong>\u00a0sera install\u00e9e sur le serveur\u00a0<code>linux3.local<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Votre\u00a0<strong>cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9e<\/strong>\u00a0reste pr\u00e9cieusement sur VOTRE poste<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quand vous vous connectez, le serveur v\u00e9rifie que vous poss\u00e9dez bien la cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9e correspondant \u00e0 la cl\u00e9 publique install\u00e9e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udcbb Partie 2 : Mise en pratique \u00e9tape par \u00e9tape<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 1 : Cr\u00e9ez votre paire de cl\u00e9s (sur votre poste)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ouvrez un terminal et tapez :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C \"etudiant-$(whoami)\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Explication des options :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-t ed25519<\/code>\u00a0: Type de cl\u00e9 ultra-s\u00e9curis\u00e9e et moderne<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-C<\/code>\u00a0: Un commentaire pour identifier votre cl\u00e9<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ce qui va se passer :<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Generating public\/private ed25519 key pair.\nEnter file in which to save the key (\/home\/etudiant\/.ssh\/id_ed25519): \n\u27a1\ufe0f Appuyez sur ENTREE (garde l'emplacement par d\u00e9faut)\n\nEnter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): \n\u27a1\ufe0f Appuyez sur ENTREE (pas de mot de passe)\n\nEnter same passphrase again: \n\u27a1\ufe0f Appuyez sur ENTREE (confirmation)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>V\u00e9rification :<\/strong>\u00a0Deux fichiers ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cr\u00e9\u00e9s dans le dossier cach\u00e9\u00a0<code>.ssh<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls -la ~\/.ssh\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>id_ed25519<\/code>\u00a0= votre\u00a0<strong>cl\u00e9 PRIV\u00c9E<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00e0 garder secr\u00e8te !)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>id_ed25519.pub<\/code>\u00a0= votre\u00a0<strong>cl\u00e9 PUBLIQUE<\/strong>\u00a0(peut \u00eatre partag\u00e9e)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 2 : Comprendre ce qu&rsquo;on vient de cr\u00e9er<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Visualisons le contenu de votre cl\u00e9 publique :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cat ~\/.ssh\/id_ed25519.pub<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Vous verrez quelque chose comme :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3Nz...longue suite de caract\u00e8res... etudiant-pc<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">C&rsquo;est votre&nbsp;<strong>identit\u00e9 num\u00e9rique<\/strong>&nbsp;pour les serveurs SSH !<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 3 : Installer votre cl\u00e9 publique sur le serveur<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Maintenant, il faut d\u00e9poser votre cl\u00e9 publique dans la bo\u00eete aux lettres du serveur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>M\u00e9thode simple avec&nbsp;<code>ssh-copy-id<\/code>&nbsp;:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ssh-copy-id votrelogin@linux3.local<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">On vous demande votre mot de passe (c&rsquo;est la&nbsp;<strong>derni\u00e8re<\/strong>&nbsp;fois !) :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>votrelogin@linux3.local's password: \n\u27a1\ufe0f Tapez votre mot de passe (rien ne s'affiche, c'est normal)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Que s&rsquo;est-il pass\u00e9 ?<\/strong><br>Votre cl\u00e9 publique a \u00e9t\u00e9 automatiquement ajout\u00e9e dans le fichier&nbsp;<code>~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/code>&nbsp;sur&nbsp;<code>linux3.local<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 4 : Testez la connexion magique !<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ssh votrelogin@linux3.local<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Et voil\u00e0 !<\/strong>&nbsp;\ud83c\udf89 Plus de demande de mot de passe ! Vous \u00eates connect\u00e9 directement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ud83c\udfaf Objectif Comprendre et mettre en place une connexion SSH par cl\u00e9s pour ne plus avoir \u00e0 taper son mot de passe. \ud83d\udcda Partie 1 : Les bases &#8211; Qu&rsquo;est-ce [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-6820","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SSH Cl\u00e9 publique \/ Cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9 - workboot<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/workboot.fr\/ciela\/ssh-cle-publique-cle-prive\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SSH Cl\u00e9 publique \/ Cl\u00e9 priv\u00e9 - workboot\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\ud83c\udfaf Objectif Comprendre et mettre en place une connexion SSH par cl\u00e9s pour ne plus avoir \u00e0 taper son mot de passe. \ud83d\udcda Partie 1 : Les bases &#8211; 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